{"id":58771,"date":"2026-09-22T16:58:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-22T14:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.euncet.com\/?p=58771"},"modified":"2026-10-02T13:07:41","modified_gmt":"2026-10-02T11:07:41","slug":"estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/","title":{"rendered":"Internacionalitzaci\u00f3 d&#8217;empreses: proc\u00e9s, modes d&#8217;entrada i riscos"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>La <strong><em>internacionalitzaci\u00f3 d&#8217;empreses<\/em><\/strong> consisteix a preparar i executar una expansi\u00f3 cap a mercats exteriors amb un model de negoci, recursos i controls adaptats al pa\u00eds de destinaci\u00f3. No \u00e9s simplement vendre a l&#8217;exterior: exigeix escollir el mercat, comprovar requisits, definir el canal i gestionar els riscos abans de comprometre inversi\u00f3. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icex.es\/es\/servicios\/consultoria-estrategica\/pymes\/icex-next\/el-programa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[1]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.camara.es\/blog\/comercio-exterior\/que-debes-saber-antes-de-vender-en-el-exterior\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u00cdNDEX DE CONTINGUTS<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #222222;color:#222222\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #222222;color:#222222\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Que_implica_la_internacionalitzacio_duna_empresa\" >Qu\u00e8 implica la internacionalitzaci\u00f3 d&#8217;una empresa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Proces_dinternacionalitzacio_en_set_passos\" >Proc\u00e9s d&#8217;internacionalitzaci\u00f3 en set passos<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Modes_dentrada_en_mercats_exteriors\" >Modes d&#8217;entrada en mercats exteriors<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Criteris_per_decidir_pais_i_mode_dentrada\" >Criteris per decidir pa\u00eds i mode d&#8217;entrada<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Riscos_dinternacionalitzar_una_empresa_i_com_preparar-thi\" >Riscos d&#8217;internacionalitzar una empresa i com preparar-t&#8217;hi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#El_pas_seguent_portar_lestrategia_a_la_direccio\" >El pas seg\u00fcent: portar l&#8217;estrat\u00e8gia a la direcci\u00f3<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Aprofundeix_en_estrategia_i_innovacio\" >Aprofundeix en estrat\u00e8gia i innovaci\u00f3<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Preguntes_frequents_sobre_internacionalitzacio_dempreses\" >Preguntes freq\u00fcents sobre internacionalitzaci\u00f3 d&#8217;empreses<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Quin_es_el_primer_pas_per_internacionalitzar_una_empresa\" >Quin \u00e9s el primer pas per internacionalitzar una empresa?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Quin_mode_dentrada_internacional_ha_de_triar_una_pime\" >Quin mode d&#8217;entrada internacional ha de triar una pime?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Quins_costos_has_dincloure_en_el_preu_dexportacio\" >Quins costos has d&#8217;incloure en el preu d&#8217;exportaci\u00f3?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Quins_riscos_has_davaluar_abans_dentrar_en_un_altre_pais\" >Quins riscos has d&#8217;avaluar abans d&#8217;entrar en un altre pa\u00eds?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Que_has_de_comprovar_per_exportar_mercaderies_fora_de_la_Unio_Europea\" >Qu\u00e8 has de comprovar per exportar mercaderies fora de la Uni\u00f3 Europea?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/estrategies-internacionalitzacio-empreses\/#Fonts_consultades\" >Fonts consultades<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Si est\u00e0s valorant aquest pas, aquesta guia t&#8217;ajuda a ordenar la decisi\u00f3. Hi veur\u00e0s un proc\u00e9s aplicable a productes i serveis, els principals modes d&#8217;entrada, una matriu de riscos i criteris per triar sense confondre creixement amb improvisaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Que_implica_la_internacionalitzacio_duna_empresa\"><\/span>Qu\u00e8 implica la internacionalitzaci\u00f3 d&#8217;una empresa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Internacionalitzar \u00e9s integrar l&#8217;activitat exterior en l&#8217;estrat\u00e8gia de l&#8217;empresa. ICEX planteja aquesta tasca com el disseny o la validaci\u00f3 d&#8217;una estrat\u00e8gia d&#8217;expansi\u00f3, la identificaci\u00f3 de mercats amb potencial i el desenvolupament d&#8217;un pla de negoci internacional. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icex.es\/es\/servicios\/consultoria-estrategica\/pymes\/icex-next\/el-programa\">[1<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.icex.es\/es\/servicios\/consultoria-estrategica\/pymes\/icex-next\/el-programa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abans d&#8217;escollir un pa\u00eds, conv\u00e9 revisar si la teva proposta ja funciona al mercat d&#8217;origen, si disposes de temps, persones, finan\u00e7ament i capacitat legal suficients, i si pots adaptar el producte a prefer\u00e8ncies culturals o est\u00e0ndards t\u00e8cnics. S\u00f3n preguntes de preparaci\u00f3 exportadora recollides per la guia europea Access2Markets. <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;oportunitat no s&#8217;ha de mesurar nom\u00e9s per la mida del mercat. La Cambra d&#8217;Espanya recomana contrastar el potencial del producte, el mercat, els segments, els canals, la compet\u00e8ncia, el preu de destinaci\u00f3 i les necessitats de tresoreria. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.camara.es\/blog\/comercio-exterior\/que-debes-saber-antes-de-vender-en-el-exterior\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Proces_dinternacionalitzacio_en_set_passos\"><\/span>Proc\u00e9s d&#8217;internacionalitzaci\u00f3 en set passos<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Aquest proc\u00e9s converteix l&#8217;expansi\u00f3 en una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de decisions verificables. Combina la preparaci\u00f3 i els cinc passos d&#8217;exportaci\u00f3 de la Comissi\u00f3 Europea amb els elements de planificaci\u00f3 assenyalats per ICEX i la Cambra d&#8217;Espanya. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icex.es\/es\/servicios\/consultoria-estrategica\/pymes\/icex-next\/el-programa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[1]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.camara.es\/blog\/comercio-exterior\/que-debes-saber-antes-de-vender-en-el-exterior\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Confirma la preparaci\u00f3 interna.<\/strong> Defineix l&#8217;objectiu, l&#8217;equip responsable, el pressupost i l&#8217;horitz\u00f3 de decisi\u00f3. Comprova la capacitat comercial, financera, operativa i legal abans d&#8217;assumir compromisos. <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Delimita l&#8217;oferta exportable.<\/strong> Selecciona el producte o servei i revisa quina adaptaci\u00f3 requereix en la proposta de valor, l&#8217;est\u00e0ndard t\u00e8cnic, l&#8217;idioma, l&#8217;etiquetatge o el suport. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.camara.es\/blog\/comercio-exterior\/que-debes-saber-antes-de-vender-en-el-exterior\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Prioritza mercats i segments.<\/strong> Compara potencial, compet\u00e8ncia, acc\u00e9s, costos i risc; despr\u00e9s defineix el client objectiu i busca compradors o socis qualificats. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.camara.es\/blog\/comercio-exterior\/que-debes-saber-antes-de-vender-en-el-exterior\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Calcula la viabilitat econ\u00f2mica.<\/strong> Estima el preu de destinaci\u00f3, el transport, les assegurances, els aranzels, la intermediaci\u00f3, la promoci\u00f3, la inversi\u00f3, el finan\u00e7ament i la tresoreria. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.camara.es\/blog\/comercio-exterior\/que-debes-saber-antes-de-vender-en-el-exterior\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Comprova l&#8217;acc\u00e9s i el compliment.<\/strong> Verifica aranzels, normes d&#8217;origen, impostos, certificacions, requisits t\u00e8cnics, protecci\u00f3 de la propietat intel\u00b7lectual i documentaci\u00f3 del mercat objectiu. <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tria el mode d&#8217;entrada i defineix responsabilitats.<\/strong> Decideix qui ven, distribueix, importa, presta servei i assumeix cada obligaci\u00f3 contractual i log\u00edstica. <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\">[<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\">]<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Llan\u00e7a una prova i revisa.<\/strong> Estableix indicadors de vendes, marge, termini de cobrament, nivell de servei i incid\u00e8ncies. Utilitza l&#8217;aprenentatge per adaptar la decisi\u00f3 seg\u00fcent, no per escalar sense evid\u00e8ncia.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Modes_dentrada_en_mercats_exteriors\"><\/span>Modes d&#8217;entrada en mercats exteriors<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;opci\u00f3 adequada dep\u00e8n del control que necessites, de la inversi\u00f3 que pots sostenir i del coneixement local disponible. La Comissi\u00f3 Europea distingeix l&#8217;exportaci\u00f3 directa i la indirecta; la <em>International Trade Administration<\/em> inclou, a m\u00e9s, llic\u00e8ncies, franqu\u00edcies, <em>joint ventures<\/em> i filials pr\u00f2pies entre les alternatives d&#8217;entrada. <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/country-commercial-guides\/singapore-market-entry-strategy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Mode<\/th><th>Quan cal valorar-lo<\/th><th>Decisi\u00f3 que has de protegir<\/th><th>Base<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Exportaci\u00f3 directa<\/td><td>Vols tractar directament amb el comprador o consumidor i pots gestionar l&#8217;operaci\u00f3.<\/td><td>Preu, condicions de pagament, atenci\u00f3 al client i responsabilitats de venda.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Exportaci\u00f3 mitjan\u00e7ant agent o distribu\u00efdor<\/td><td>Necessites el suport local d&#8217;un tercer per representar o distribuir l&#8217;oferta.<\/td><td>Selecci\u00f3 del soci, territori, objectius, informaci\u00f3 comercial i servei postvenda.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/country-commercial-guides\/singapore-market-entry-strategy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Llic\u00e8ncia o franqu\u00edcia<\/td><td>El teu model permet cedir drets d&#8217;\u00fas, marca o m\u00e8tode a un operador local.<\/td><td>\u00das de la propietat intel\u00b7lectual, est\u00e0ndards operatius i supervisi\u00f3 contractual.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/country-commercial-guides\/singapore-market-entry-strategy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Joint venture<\/em><\/td><td>Busques combinar recursos i coneixement local amb un soci per operar al mercat.<\/td><td>Aportacions, govern de la societat, control, sortida i resoluci\u00f3 de conflictes.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/country-commercial-guides\/singapore-market-entry-strategy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Filial pr\u00f2pia<\/td><td>Necessites pres\u00e8ncia estable i control directe sobre l&#8217;operaci\u00f3.<\/td><td>Capital comprom\u00e8s, compliment local, equip, fiscalitat i continu\u00eftat operativa.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/country-commercial-guides\/singapore-market-entry-strategy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>La taula no substitueix l&#8217;an\u00e0lisi del pa\u00eds ni l&#8217;assessorament especialitzat. Descriu alternatives d&#8217;entrada; l&#8217;encaix real canvia segons el producte, el sector, la normativa, el client i el soci escollit. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icex.es\/es\/servicios\/consultoria-estrategica\/pymes\/icex-next\/el-programa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Criteris_per_decidir_pais_i_mode_dentrada\"><\/span>Criteris per decidir pa\u00eds i mode d&#8217;entrada<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Per comparar opcions, utilitza una fitxa igual per a cada mercat. Aix\u00ed evites decidir per afinitat, per una fira concreta o per la mida aparent de la demanda. Els criteris seg\u00fcents sintetitzen els aspectes que recomanen comprovar la Cambra d&#8217;Espanya, Access2Markets i la guia de risc pa\u00eds de la <em>International Trade Administration<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.camara.es\/blog\/comercio-exterior\/que-debes-saber-antes-de-vender-en-el-exterior\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/assess-country-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Criteri<\/th><th>Pregunta de decisi\u00f3<\/th><th>Evid\u00e8ncia m\u00ednima<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Demanda i compet\u00e8ncia<\/td><td>Existeix un segment identificable i una proposta diferenciada?<\/td><td>Dades de mercat, clients potencials, canals i competidors.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Economia unit\u00e0ria<\/td><td>El preu de destinaci\u00f3 cobreix tots els costos i deixa un marge sostenible?<\/td><td>Escandall amb transport, assegurances, aranzels, intermediaci\u00f3 i promoci\u00f3.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Acc\u00e9s i compliment<\/td><td>Pots complir els requisits d&#8217;entrada i comercialitzaci\u00f3?<\/td><td>Aranzels, impostos, normes d&#8217;origen, certificats, etiquetatge i documentaci\u00f3.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Risc pa\u00eds<\/td><td>Quina exposici\u00f3 existeix a la inestabilitat, la divisa, el sistema legal o la fiscalitat?<\/td><td>Avaluaci\u00f3 per pa\u00eds i pla de mitigaci\u00f3.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Capacitat pr\u00f2pia i del soci<\/td><td>Pots executar i controlar el canal escollit?<\/td><td>Equip, pressupost, refer\u00e8ncies, solv\u00e8ncia i responsabilitats contractuals.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Assigna una valoraci\u00f3 i una justificaci\u00f3 documental a cada criteri. Si el mercat sembla atractiu, per\u00f2 l&#8217;empresa no pot atendre el compliment, finan\u00e7ar el cicle de cobrament o controlar el canal, la decisi\u00f3 prudent \u00e9s reduir l&#8217;abast o completar primer la preparaci\u00f3 interna. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.camara.es\/blog\/comercio-exterior\/que-debes-saber-antes-de-vender-en-el-exterior\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Riscos_dinternacionalitzar_una_empresa_i_com_preparar-thi\"><\/span>Riscos d&#8217;internacionalitzar una empresa i com preparar-t&#8217;hi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>El risc no desapareix en escollir un mercat o signar un contracte. La <em>International Trade Administration<\/em> proposa analitzar l&#8217;estabilitat pol\u00edtica i econ\u00f2mica, la divisa, el sistema legal, la propietat intel\u00b7lectual, la banca, els impostos i els mecanismes de resoluci\u00f3 de disputes. Cesce hi afegeix l&#8217;avaluaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;entorn pol\u00edtic, econ\u00f2mic i de negoci per a operacions de comer\u00e7 i inversi\u00f3 exterior. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/assess-country-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[4]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cesce.es\/es\/riesgo-pais\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[6]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Risc<\/th><th>Qu\u00e8 has de revisar abans de comprometre&#8217;t<\/th><th>Font<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Pol\u00edtic, econ\u00f2mic, legal i fiscal<\/td><td>Estabilitat, divisa, impostos, marc legal, banca i vies de resoluci\u00f3 de disputes.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/assess-country-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[4]<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Comercial i de contrapart<\/td><td>Comprador, condicions de pagament, repartiment de responsabilitats i restriccions a transfer\u00e8ncies.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Regulador, duaner i de propietat intel\u00b7lectual<\/td><td>Drets, origen, certificaci\u00f3, normes t\u00e8cniques, etiquetatge, documentaci\u00f3 i protecci\u00f3 d&#8217;actius intangibles.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cadena de subministrament i conducta empresarial<\/td><td>Impactes reals o potencials en operacions, prove\u00efdors i relacions empresarials mitjan\u00e7ant dilig\u00e8ncia deguda basada en el risc.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/en\/topics\/due-diligence-for-responsible-business-conduct.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[7]<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Converteix la revisi\u00f3 en un registre viu: risc, pa\u00eds, responsable, senyal d&#8217;alerta, mesura preventiva i data de revisi\u00f3. Aquesta pr\u00e0ctica facilita que les decisions d&#8217;expansi\u00f3 es recolzin en evid\u00e8ncia verificable i no nom\u00e9s en expectatives de vendes. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/en\/topics\/due-diligence-for-responsible-business-conduct.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[7]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"El_pas_seguent_portar_lestrategia_a_la_direccio\"><\/span>El pas seg\u00fcent: portar l&#8217;estrat\u00e8gia a la direcci\u00f3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Una estrat\u00e8gia internacional necessita una visi\u00f3 que connecti mercat, finances, operacions i persones. Si vols refor\u00e7ar aquesta capacitat de decisi\u00f3, consulta el <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/ca\/masters\/administracio-i-direccio-empreses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">M\u00e0ster Universitari en Administraci\u00f3 i Direcci\u00f3 d&#8217;Empreses d&#8217;Euncet<\/a>, la fitxa del qual presenta una especialitat en Direcci\u00f3 Estrat\u00e8gica i un enfocament global de l&#8217;empresa. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/ca\/masters\/administracio-i-direccio-empreses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[8]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Aprofundeix_en_estrategia_i_innovacio\"><\/span>Aprofundeix en estrat\u00e8gia i innovaci\u00f3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Per ampliar l&#8217;an\u00e0lisi sense duplicar la intenci\u00f3 de cerca d&#8217;aquesta guia, revisa els <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/models-negoci-disruptius-casos-exit-llicons-aprenudes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">models de negoci disruptius: casos d&#8217;\u00e8xit<\/a> i la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/blog\/ca\/innovacio-empreses-claus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">innovaci\u00f3 a les empreses: claus<\/a>. Tots dos continguts funcionen com a sat\u00e8l\u00b7lits del cl\u00faster i han d&#8217;enlla\u00e7ar de tornada a aquest pilar amb una \u00e0ncora descriptiva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Preguntes_frequents_sobre_internacionalitzacio_dempreses\"><\/span>Preguntes freq\u00fcents sobre internacionalitzaci\u00f3 d&#8217;empreses<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quin_es_el_primer_pas_per_internacionalitzar_una_empresa\"><\/span>Quin \u00e9s el primer pas per internacionalitzar una empresa?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>El primer pas \u00e9s confirmar que l&#8217;empresa est\u00e0 preparada: oferta competitiva, capacitat de gesti\u00f3, recursos financers i legals, comprom\u00eds directiu i una estrat\u00e8gia concreta per al mercat escollit. Despr\u00e9s pots identificar un mercat i un comprador. <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quin_mode_dentrada_internacional_ha_de_triar_una_pime\"><\/span>Quin mode d&#8217;entrada internacional ha de triar una pime?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>No existeix un mode universal. Pots comparar l&#8217;exportaci\u00f3 directa o mitjan\u00e7ant intermediaris, la llic\u00e8ncia, la franqu\u00edcia, la <em>joint venture<\/em> i la filial pr\u00f2pia segons el control, els recursos, el coneixement local i les obligacions que puguis assumir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/country-commercial-guides\/singapore-market-entry-strategy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quins_costos_has_dincloure_en_el_preu_dexportacio\"><\/span>Quins costos has d&#8217;incloure en el preu d&#8217;exportaci\u00f3?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>El c\u00e0lcul ha de considerar, entre altres elements, fabricaci\u00f3, personal, transport, assegurances, aranzels, marges d&#8217;intermediaci\u00f3, promoci\u00f3 i marge de l&#8217;empresa. L&#8217;objectiu \u00e9s estimar el preu de destinaci\u00f3 abans de vendre. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.camara.es\/blog\/comercio-exterior\/que-debes-saber-antes-de-vender-en-el-exterior\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[2]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quins_riscos_has_davaluar_abans_dentrar_en_un_altre_pais\"><\/span>Quins riscos has d&#8217;avaluar abans d&#8217;entrar en un altre pa\u00eds?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Revisa l&#8217;estabilitat pol\u00edtica i econ\u00f2mica, l&#8217;exposici\u00f3 a la divisa, el sistema legal, la protecci\u00f3 de la propietat intel\u00b7lectual, la banca, els impostos i les opcions de resoldre disputes. Tamb\u00e9 has de comprovar els riscos comercials i reguladors espec\u00edfics de l&#8217;operaci\u00f3. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/assess-country-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Que_has_de_comprovar_per_exportar_mercaderies_fora_de_la_Unio_Europea\"><\/span>Qu\u00e8 has de comprovar per exportar mercaderies fora de la Uni\u00f3 Europea?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A m\u00e9s de localitzar el mercat i el comprador, has de verificar els requisits d&#8217;exportaci\u00f3 i importaci\u00f3, els aranzels, l&#8217;origen, els impostos, les certificacions, l&#8217;etiquetatge, el contracte, el transport i la documentaci\u00f3 duanera. <a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fonts_consultades\"><\/span>Fonts consultades<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.icex.es\/es\/servicios\/consultoria-estrategica\/pymes\/icex-next\/el-programa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ICEX Next: Internacionalitzaci\u00f3 per a pimes<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.camara.es\/blog\/comercio-exterior\/que-debes-saber-antes-de-vender-en-el-exterior\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cambra d&#8217;Espanya: Qu\u00e8 has de saber abans de vendre a l&#8217;exterior<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/trade.ec.europa.eu\/access-to-markets\/en\/content\/guide-export-goods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Comissi\u00f3 Europea, Access2Markets: <em>Guide for export of goods<\/em><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/assess-country-risk\">International Trade <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/assess-country-risk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Administration<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/assess-country-risk\">: <em>Assess country risk<\/em><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/country-commercial-guides\/singapore-market-entry-strategy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">International Trade Administration: <em>Singapore market entry strategy<\/em><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cesce.es\/es\/riesgo-pais\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cesce: Mapa de risc pa\u00eds<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/en\/topics\/due-diligence-for-responsible-business-conduct.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">OCDE: <em>Due diligence for responsible business conduct<\/em><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euncet.com\/ca\/masters\/administracio-i-direccio-empreses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Euncet Business School: M\u00e0ster Universitari en Administraci\u00f3 i Direcci\u00f3 d&#8217;Empreses<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La internacionalitzaci\u00f3 d&#8217;empreses consisteix a preparar i executar una expansi\u00f3 cap a mercats exteriors amb un model de negoci, recursos i controls adaptats al pa\u00eds de destinaci\u00f3. No \u00e9s simplement vendre a l&#8217;exterior: exigeix escollir el mercat, comprovar requisits, definir el canal i gestionar els riscos abans de comprometre inversi\u00f3. [1] [2] [3] Si est\u00e0s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":67961,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[443],"tags":[933],"class_list":["post-58771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business-ca","tag-internacionalitzacio-dempreses"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Internacionalitzaci\u00f3 d&#039;empreses \u25b6 GUIA per decidir<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Internacionalitzaci\u00f3 d&#039;empreses: proc\u00e9s, entrades, riscos i criteris per decidir amb rigor. \u25b6 Planifica la teva expansi\u00f3 GLOBAL.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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